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Entry Type

Recipe Title

Glass Quotations

3v

application of glass

Imitation coral

“it is made like cement, which is stronger when mixed with crushed glass rather than brick” [in a discussion of making coral]

6v

application of glass

For cages

Full text quoted above.

10r

application of glass

Imitation jasper

"that will look more appropriate than doing it on glass, which is too shiny... thin glass looks very fine for this effect."

11v

application of glass

Making diamond points for engraving

"It is necessary to strip what you want to engrave on a lead wheel or with a stone or with glass, because the polishing is like varnish or glass and stops the diamond or sapphire from engraving well."

13r

tools/equipment

To whiten enilanroc

"glassmaker's soldering irons"

20r

raw materials of glass

Glazier

"varnish, salt and other drugs used by glassmakers"

20r

profession/techniques

Glazier

“Glass from Lorraine is smoother and more even than plate glass. It is more durable and enduring. But commonly it is tainted with veins as if with straight lines and wrinkles, which happens because once the glassmakers have made it put it still hot on straw which therefore stains it. One can, however, rub it off with some varnish, salt and other drugs used by glassmakers. Lorraine glass is sold by

bands and each band is composed of three panels. A band costs usually X souls. The plate glass is made in France, it is whiter and clearer but it does not last as long as that from Lorraine. It is also commonly blown And in that case, it is better to cut little lozenges rather than large square pieces in the shape of a frame because they cannot sit themselves well evenly. The plate glass is sold in sets. Every set contains 4 plates that are usually sold at 10 or twelve lb

21v

application of glass

Defense of a town

"one can add some roughly crushed glass" to "worsen" grenades

24r

application of glass

Grenades

"they must be full of powder mixed with coarsely pounded glass... one must put half an ounce of glass."

32v

profession/techniques

Glassmakers

“they have no way to produce a perfect red that needs to be annealed. Try, however, the German red which is scaled red. They produce their ordinary red with some sanguine iced pewter, lead rocks, and some iron file dust. This red is to be applied on both sides of the glass because it is more colourful. If it were applied on one side only it would look pastel orange.”

36v

profession/techniques

Glassmakers’ glass

It is said that in Lorraine and Flanders linking glass is made of fern ashes and pebbles. First they blow up a long still that another worker breaks off and cuts vertically with big shears. Then this long still expands by being placed on a stone or large platine in a furnace slightly colder than one for melting. Furthermore, they flatten it by rolling over it a big and long iron stick. Then they take it out of the annealing furnace. Similarly, they make

some in England that are quite beautiful. Close to Rouen in France, flat glass is made with some saltworth and pebbles

and is whiter and softer than the Lorraine one, because it can be melted with a candle, unlike the Lorraine one. This flat glass is blown up in a long still -- the end of which someone else cuts and blows up whilst turning it, then flattens it using a plane which is on the ground, and then reheats it. Thus the middle of the still, where it began, always stays the same. The glass, when wet, can be broken again with the flame of a candle, but not as precisely as with hot iron.

37v

profession/techniques

Glass-maker

Some do not lay gris d'escaille on the glass to work on it, but trace straight on the glass with noir à huile. However, it is important

that the wood be degreased, because if it has even a little grease [on it], the color will not take at all. And even, if the working glassmaker has a stink from his nose or his mouth, and he breathes on the glass, the color will not take on it. Those who came up with the invention of working in small works of softened enamels use only azure enamel, which is blue, and esmail colombin, which is the color of purple, which they

soften with rocks or lead glass. As for yellow, they make it from silver, red from sanguine, as is said elsewhere, black and gray and

shadows from scale black, either strong or weak, carnation from light sanguine. Green is made first from yellow, then they overlay azure enamel, either strong or weak, depending on whether they want to make it bright or dark.

38r

application of glass

Sapphire

"Stone cutters sometimes choose old pieces of antique glass in church windows... Aquamarines are imitated with white glass, but they take it from the bottom of the glass."

41v

raw materials of glass

Glassmakers’ black

"glassmaker's black"

47v

tools/equipment

Melting

"the crucibles... used by glassmakers"

48v

application of glass

Lead tin

"Laxunge glass lightens them."

49r

tools/equipment

Lead casting

"They cast by using the souldure the glassmakers use."

57r

application of glass

Lake

"Lake takes a long time to dry in oil and for that reason you have to crush glass with it, but you have to choose crystallin because it is neater."

60r

application of glass

Oil

"Oil... becomes greasy if you add some ceruse or filed lead or white lead or glass powdered and calcined."

65r

material knowledge of glass

Greasy colors

"Any color or thing that thickens when mixed with water, while being crushed has body. But those that lack it, such as crushed glass and lake etc., become clear"

68r

application of glass

Casting

"I have tried four kinds of sand for lead... crushed glass... crushed glass can be made from ordinary glass sand, however cristallo glass is more excellent, because common glass contains saltwort only, while cristallo glass contains both salt of tartar and saltwort. Both of them help the fusion, during which the glass is calcinated and reduced to its prime matter. In order to calcinate it perfectly, throw your pieces of glass, of whicherver sort, among the largest possible glowing coals... and once the glass is red hot, throw it into water."

69r

application of glass

On Sands for Casting

"Sand of calcined glass lasts for many fusions."

84v

application of glass

Sand from a Toulousain mine

"Try to moisten the crushed glass and other sands with the essences of the aforementioned salts."

84v

material knowledge of glass

Sand for the most excellent lead of all, for large and small reliefs

"It [lead] can take as many firings as you want because it is as hard as glass."

85r

raw materials of glass

Green varnish for copper medals

"cover them with glass salts, which we use for sand."

89v

raw materials of glass

White glassmakers’ sand mixed with ammonia salt

"white glassmaker's sand... glassmakers and potters use this sand."

99r

raw materials of glass

"I think that glassmakers could use it" [in a discussion of the quality of sand for casting metal]

100r

raw materials of glass

Vitrified saltpeter

"it makes the glass very white... it makes the glass very clear, & white & clean."

100v

raw materials of glass

Gemstones

"sandever that they find it among the glassmakers or apothecaries"

101r

application of glass

Topaz

"also try to mix pieces of colored glass or enamels instead of pebbles"

107r

tools/equipment

Crocum ferri

"glassworker's furnace"

118r

application of glass

For grottoes

"the confection of tin and pure brass paper ground up and mixed with ground up glass"

120r

tools/equipment

Sand for casting gold

"the furnace of glassworkers"

120v

raw materials of glass

Sand for casting gold

"the sand the goldsmiths use to sand enamel and the white one which the glassworkers use"

136v

material/technical knowledge of glass/glassworking processes

latten casting

"When you cast it, this metal always leaves burrs, like when casting glass"

147v

material knowledge of glass

latten

"it [latten] always makes into filaments, as you would find with melted glass"

154v

material knowledge of glass

latten

"it [latten] always leaves filaments like melted glass"

156v

application of glass

On casting a fly

"having been cast in gold, one enamels the wings with window glass from Lorraine, which is and transparent."