A Central question/thesis, and a prioritized outline of work

Do Not aim to be comprehensive

A launchpad for further exploration

Wheel metaphor - keep the MS at the center

Known unknowns: vocabulary, anachronism, cognates

Starting from the primary sources - where I need to spend the most time. BUT will I be redoing my work if I go in without enough context?

Pick a contemporary dictionary and get to work with it!

10-15 pages

Working Outline:

Key Q: A CLOSE reading of the text in comparison to Estienne; Connections and disjunctions. Looking at Estienne as an exemplar of household manual to evaluate how 640 conforms/doesn’t to that genre/intellectual background

Context:

Who is Estienne? Why is he an apt comparison? What’s his legacy?

What is the history of the household manual? What kind of information does it contain? Who was it written for, why, who read it? What are the intellectual foundations of the genre?

Points of Comparison between E and MS Fr 640:

• Sources

  • always classical, or from elsewhere?

  • Any overlap in sources between E and F1r?

• Language

  • Differences in tone/rhetoric/audience between MS Fr 640 and Estienne are inevitable because E is printed and that imposes necessary conventions that 640 doesn’t have to conform to

    • How much of that is to do with the printed format, how much is to do with style, how much is to do with the genre of the menagier?

• Subject

  • Do the instructions in each cover the same topics? Suggest the same recipes? Identify the same problems? What are the points of similarity and difference? They’re gonna deal with the same kinds of animals (presumably), so what makes a recipe to cure a horse of colic similar/different to another? How can we tell?

• Organization

  • E’s gonna have it, 640… maybe not so much? If so though, how are instructions/recipes (gotta choose a term) related to each other and placed in context within the larger document?

Outstanding Questions:

• Estienne’s text - edition changes between E and his son-in-law

  • I want to be able to use ONE text to compare with the one MS, so should that be chosen based on

    • Primacy

    • Popularity

    • Longevity

    • Similarity

    • Contemporaneousness (to MS Fr 640)

    • Could be any, but make the case

      • I’m worried about spending too much time justifying my use of one version over the other. This isn’t an annotation about the printing history of Maison Rustique. By the same token, though, the questions I have about tone as it regards authority/genre, are informed by the differences between the two texts. Authority and genre are constructed, it matters who’s doing the constructing and what the constraints are on the final product, what produces those constraints.

      • Secondary Sources, how to deal with homonyms and synonyms esp. in translation, placing the text within a larger genre

      • “material” and “technical” literacy- are these period terms?

      • Why do we write instructions? Why do we do didactic work? Is it a way of knowledge transmission, or knowledge production? There’s an idea that you don’t know something until you can explain it to someone else - would EM artisans have had the same idea? Is there a self-interested aspect to knowledge production in writing? If literacy is being able to understand and then to do (read AND write), is writing instructions a way to support practical literacy? Is that why we’re writing our own annotations to this text, centuries later? Writing is a way of learning and coming to understand - does that mean it’s also a way of producing knowledge? The process of creating theory from practice? How does this intention/production change between manuscript and print?

        • Relatedly, these are both works not just of authorship but of compilation, and authority is not derived just from individual genius/practical experience, but from previous scholarship/classical tradition (true for E, true for 640?)

      • Early German Hausvater literature - is this applicable?

        • Bibliography by Ulrich (German)

      • Le Menagier de Paris - 15th ms. - is this applicable?

      • The quotidian economy/oikonomia

        • Sophie’s point about pious household

        • Maybe a further point for exploration in a later project

Actionable Priorities:

Go through Ms Fr 640 recipes from table below and compare to Estienne; use this comparison to narrow your scope.

Spend time reading each text, look for shifts in:

Register

Tone

speaker/audience - are we peers, subordinates, betters?

Assumptions - what are we meant to know already?

Tense

The word “try”

What are the words used in the original French and how have they been translated?

What could the terminology be describing in the 16th century? Is there more than one material described by this word? Is there more than one word to describe a material?

Could the author-practitioner be using terminology or materials unconventionally or even erroneously? Compare to other recipes.How does the folio look? Clean/crowded? One or more hands?

Marginal notes? (How) many/few? Where? Same/different hand?

Strikethroughs?

Drawings or symbols?

Continuing page?

How many recipes appear on your folio?

Describe the context of your annotation recipe(s): what kind of recipes precede and follow your recipe on the folio and the immediately preceding and following folios?

Understand your recipe in the context of the manuscript as a whole:

Search for related recipes (using either the pdfs or the originals GD).

Search for the same and similar terms, materials, techniques, or instruments.

How do the other recipes contribute to a better understanding of your annotation recipe(s)?

Are there many or few related recipes? What can this tell you about the recipe and about the manuscript as a whole?

How does this recipe differ from the related recipes?

Are the related recipes abbreviated or detailed?

Anything conspicuous in comparison to other recipes in the manuscript?

What can you infer from these observations?

Does your recipe contain clues that suggest that our author-practitioner based the recipe on his own experimentation/observation?

Examples of intended outcome of recipes

What are the dates and regions of these objects?

Can you find any objects that are regionally and temporally relevant (late sixteenth-century France)?

Carefully read four useful annotations for their methodology. How do they do their genre comparisons? How do they connect theory to the specificity of MS Fr 640?

Find and read at least one or two good secondary sources on Estienne

Find and read at least one or two solid treatments on the genre of the menagier

• If I have time

  • Read Estienne’s epistle and introduction in conversation with understandings of genre

  • Compare MsFr640’s “ideological” notes (166r) - anything to be gleaned from this about potential audience/self-conception of genre?

• Possible avenues to pursue/suggest in conclusion

  • What are these going to be? I don’t know yet.

Working Bibliography, somewhat annotated:

Estiennes online:

1554: Praedum Rusticum

1564: La Maison Rustique 1st ed (Liebault, Estienne posthum.)

1661: Maison Rustique, or Covntrey Farme (Markham translation)

Tours Uni summary page: http://architectura.cesr.univ-tours.fr/Traite/Notice/Estienne1564.asp?param=en

YES:

Secrecy, Recipes, Curiosity

• Secrets and Knowledge in Medicine and Science - Rankin and Leong eds

• Pamela Smith, “What is a Secret? Secrets and Craft Knowledge in Early Modern Europe,” Secrets and Knowledge in Medicine and Science, 1500-1800, ed. by Elaine Leong and Alisha Rankin (Ashgate, 2011): 47-66.

• “In the Workshop of History: Making, Writing, and Meaning.” West 86th, 19, no.1 (2012): 4-31.

• William Eamon, “How to Read a Book of Secrets,” ch. 1, Secrets and Knowledge in Medicine and Science, 1500-1800, ed. by Elaine Leong and Alisha Rankin (Ashgate, 2011): 23-46

• Neil Kenny, The Palace of Secrets: Béroalde de Verville and Renaissance conceptions of knowledge (Oxford: Clarendon, 1991), pp. 1-136, 156-57, 208-251.

• Neil Kenny, The Uses of Curiosity in Early Modern France and Germany (Oxford, 2004), ebook through Clio (Oxford Scholarship Online), Introduction: Ebook pdf version: pp. 1-30, Part 3: Ebook pdf version: pp. 1-33, 46-51, 62-79, 132-39.

• Francisco Alonso-Almeida, “Genre conventions in English recipes, 1600-1800,” Reading and Writing Recipe Books, 1550-1800, Michelle DiMeo and Sara Pennell (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2013), pp. 68-90.(Downloaded)

• Pamela O. Long, Openness, Secrecy, Authorship: Technical Arts and the Culture of Knowledge from Antiquity to the Renaissance (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001).

• Jo Wheeler (with the assistance of Katy Temple), Renaissance Secrets, Recipes and Formulas (London: V&A, 2009).

Why write a manual?

• Natasha Glaisyer and Sara Pennell (eds.), Didactic Literature in England 1500-1800: Expertise Constructed (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2003).

• Mark Clarke, Bert De Munck and Sven Dupré (eds.), Transmission of Artists’ Knowledge (Koninklijke Vlaamse Academie van Belgie voor Wetenschappen en Kunsten, 2012).

• Pamela H. Smith, “Why Write a Book? From Lived Experience to the Written Word in Early Modern Europe,” Bulletin of the German Historical Institute 47 (Fall 2010): 25-50. Online link: http://ghi-dc.org/bulletin

• Charles M. Keller, “Thought and Production: Insights of the Practitioner,” Anthropological Perspectives on Technology, ed. Michael Brian Schiffer (Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press, 2001), pp. 33-45.

• Jacob Eyferth, “Craft Knowledge at the Interface of Written and Oral Cultures,” East Asian Science, Technology and Society 4 (2010): 185–205.

Genre

• Pomata, Gianna. “The Recipe and the Case: Epistemic Genres and the Dynamics of Cognitive Practice.” in Wissenschaftsgeschichte und Geschichte des Wissens im Dialog - Connecting Science and Knowledge, ed. Kaspar von Greyerz, Silvia Flubacher, and Philipp Senn, 131-154. Göttingen: V& R unipress, 2013.

• Ulrich Pfisterer Project on drawing manuals - google for this

• Bernard Palissy, Recette veritable (recent French edition) and The Admirable Discourses (Engl. edition)

• Le Menagier de Paris

• Leong, Elaine, and Pennell, Sara. “Collecting Knowledge for the Family: Recipes, Gender and Practical Knowledge in the Early Modern English Household.” Centaurus, 55, no.2 (2013): 81-103.

Defining the Household

• New book out in Nov by Elaine Leong on recipes and household

• Elaine Leong, “Making Medicines in the Early Modern Household,” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 82(1) (2008): 145-168

• Harrington, J. F. (1992). "Hausvater" and "landesvater": Paternalism and marriage reform in sixteenth-century germany. Central European History, 25(1), 52. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.cul.columbia.edu/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.cul.columbia.edu/docview/1297836504?accountid=10226

Estienne

• H. Cazes, “Charles Estienne”, C. Nativel (ed.), Centuriæ Latinæ II. Cent une figures humanistes de la Renaissance aux Lumières, Geneva, Droz, 2006, pp. 313-318.

• H. Cazes, “Jardins, vergers et maisons-bibliothèques: le grand enfermement du livre imprimé?”, Voix plurielles, 5, 1, 2008.

• D. Duport, Le jardin et la nature: ordre et variété dans la littérature de la Renaissance, Travaux d’humanisme et Renaissance, 363, Geneva, Droz, 2002.

• E. Lau, Charles Estienne: Biographie und Bibliographie, Leipzig, Wertheim Bechstein, 1930.

• C. Liaroutzos, Le pays et la mémoire. Pratiques et représentations de l’espace français chez Gilles Corrozet et Charles Estienne, Paris, Champion, 1998.

• C. Liaroutzos, “Charles Estienne et ses ‘practiciens’ ”, M. Furno (ed.), Qui écrit ? Figures de l’auteur et poids des co-élaborateurs du texte (XV^e-XVII^e s.), Lyon, PENS, collection IHL, 2009, pp. 114-126.

• J.-C. Margolin, “Science, humanisme et société: le cas de Charles Estienne”, Parcours et Rencontres, Mélanges de langue, d’histoire et de littérature françaises offerts à Eneas Balmas, Paris, Klincksieck, 1993, 1, pp. 423-431.

• L. Paya, Les parterres des jardins à compartiments en France et dans le monde (1450-1650): entre figures de pensée et ornements de verdure. PhD thesis under the direction of Y. Pauwels, Tours, Centre d’études supérieures de la Renaissance, 2012.

• http://ecritsduforprive.huma-num.fr/accueilbase.htm

• Jean-Marie Barbier, Le quotidien et son economie. https://books.google.fr/books?id=pOxXDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=jean+marie+barbier+quotidien+et+son+%C3%A9conomie&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj_07zR7YfcAhVNTsAKHTn-BHwQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=jean%20marie%20barbier%20quotidien%20et%20son%20%C3%A9conomie&f=false

MAYBE:

• Deborah Harkness, “From the Jewel House to Salomon’s House: Hugh Plat, Francis Bacon, and the Social Foundations of the Scientific Revolution,” The Jewel House: Elizabethan London and the Scientific Revolution (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007), Ch. 6.

• F. Schreiber, The Estiennes: an annotated catalogue of 300 outstanding books from their 16^th & 17^th century publishing houses, Hanes Foundation, Rare Book Collection, University Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1982, pp. 113-115.

• Melitta Anderson – Food in Medieval Times (downloaded)

• AHR – Historians and Material culture (downloaded)

• Sider, Sandra. Handbook to Life in Renaissance Europe. New York: Facts on File, 2005.

• Pascal Dubourg Glatigny and Hélène Vérin, Réduire en art: la technologie de la Renaissance aux Lumières (Paris: Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme, 2008);

IF TIME:

• LESHEM, D. (2013). OIKONOMIA REDEFINED. Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 35(1), 43-61. doi:10.1017/S1053837212000624

• https://www.routledge.com/From-Oikonomia-to-Political-Economy-Constructing-Economic-Knowledge-from/Maifreda/p/book/9781409433019

• https://www.routledge.com/The-Elizabethan-Top-Ten-Defining-Print-Popularity-in-Early-Modern-England/Smith-Kesson/p/book/9781409440291

• Deborah Krohn, “Cooking on the Margins: Using Cookbooks.” In Eating Words, edited by Jason Scott-Warren and Andrew Zurcher. Farnham: Ashgate Press, forthcoming.

• Decorating the Godly Household Tara Hamling (about post-reformation Britain, but perhaps will have a useful bibliography?)

• Rebecca Bushnell, Huguenot Gardening texts.

• Yiyu Xu, “The Knowledge System of the Traditional Chinese Craftsman,” West 86th: A Journal of Decorative Arts, Design History, and Material Culture 20.2 (Fall-Winter 2013): 155-172.

• Gianna Pomata, “Observation Rising: Birth of an Epistemic Genre, ca. 1500-1650,” in Histories of Scientific Observation, ed. Lorraine Daston and Elizabeth Lunbeck (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011): 45-80.

• Wall, Wendy. Recipes for Thought : Knowledge and Taste in the Early Modern English Kitchen, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/columbia/detail.action?docID=4321857.

• Genre and text-type conventions in Early Modern Women´s recipe books Isabel de la Cruz CabanillasPDF DOI: https://doi.org/10.4995/rlyla.2017.7309

• Genre and Women's Life Writing in Early Modern England, edited by Michelle M. Dowd, and Julie A. Eckerle, Taylor & Francis Group, 2007. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/columbia/detail.action?docID=438386.Snook, Edith. Women, Beauty and Power in Early Modern England. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.

• Pennell, Sara. “Perfecting Practice? Women, Manuscript Recipes and Knowledge in Early Modern England.” in Early Modern Women’s Manuscript Writing: Selected Papers from the Trinity/Trent Colloquium, ed. Victoria E. Burke and Jonathan Gibson, 237-258. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004.

• Leong, Elaine, and Pennell, Sara. “Recipe Collections and the Currency of Medical Knowledge in the Early Modern ‘Medical Marketplace’.” in Medicine and the Market in England and Its Colonies, c. 1450-c. 1850, ed. Mark S. R. Jenner and Patrick Wallis, 133-152. Hampshire & New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.

• ———. “Making Medicines in the Early Modern Household.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 82, no. 1 (2008): 145-168.

• Where are there gaps that you could ask P Smith & the gang about?

  • Not artisan knowledge, but household knowledge. The intellectual foundations of oikonomia/menage/hausvater texts. Defining a genre of household manuals. Literally, basic scholarly definitions of the oikonomia and the menagier. Are they both just taken from titles? Are they interchangeable terms? If not, why not? Which is most apt for this particular project? (regional specificity - is there something inherently German about a hausvater? Inherently French about the menagier? Or is that anachronistic/nationalistic? Is it more of a class thing, a politics thing, a gender thing?) The long corpus of agricultural texts from antiquity onwards…

Useful Annotations:

“Collecting Cures” Xiaomeng Liu

Annotation on painter’s manual embedded? Wenrui Zhao

Sofia Gans, “Knowledge Exchange in Ms. Fr. 640,” Annotation Spring 2015

Barwich - Sleight of Hand

Useful from GDrive:

Fondeurs Toulousains (sources? Peers? Any cross-ref from Estienne?)

Toulouse Artisans

Clues to Sources

The BnF Ms Fr 640 Google Drive Folder _GLOSSARY, Vocabulary lists, Dictionaries (used and created during Paleography Workshops)

o The BnF Ms Fr 640 Google Drive Folder_Reference (used and created during Paleography Workshops)

Early Modern/Digital Humanities Resources

• Randle Cotgrave, Dictionarie of the French and English Tongues (London, 1611).

• § This is an INCREDIBLY useful and pretty reliable resource for understanding materials. Most pages contain a brief overview, historical context, synonymous names for the material, names in other languages, geographical information, citations, and chemical/biological information.

Relevant Recipes: